Wrench



R. E. JACOBY.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, I9I9.

Patented July 27, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

R. E. JACOBY.

' WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16. 1919.

1 47,780, Patented July 27, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. WRENCH.

Specification of Letters I'atent. Patented lily 2'7, 1920;

Application filed July 16, 1919. Serial No. 311,320.

T 0 all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, RAYMOND E. JAooBY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in renches, of which the following is a specification.

The construction and disposition of the engine, its fiy wheel, the frame, casing and opening covered by thebottom pan of a Ford carnecessitates removing the entire engine from the frame and dismantling it When the fly wheel is loose and the crank shaft bearings have to be taken up. These operations, as at present practised, require the timeof two men from-a day and a half to two days. I

The invention has for one of its objects the provision of a novel wrench constructed so that it may be operated through the opening in the bottom of the casingof the engine of a Ford car for the purpose-of removing and replacing the bolts which secure the fly wheel, thus obviating the necessity of'removing the engine from its frame and dismantling it when this operation becomes necessary.

A further-object isto provideaanovel wrench which may be operated through the opening in the bottom of the casing of the engine of a Ford car for the purpose of removing the nuts from the bolts on the third or innermost crank shaft bearing, thus obviating theznecessity for taking out the engine and dismantling it when the crank shaft bearings have to be taken up.

My invention has for another object the provision of a novel wrench constructed so as to be adapted to be operatedthrough the opening in the bottom. of the casing of a Ford car for the purpose 'of removing the bolts fromthe -middle crank shaft bearing of the engine of a Ford car without necessi tating removal of the'engine and dismantling it. v I

An. additional object of my invention is to provide a novel wrench having socketsat itsrespective ends, enabling it tobe used for two different operations, to-wit: first, removing the bolts from the fly wheel of the engine of a Ford car by. an operation con ducted through an opening in the bottom 0f the casing thereof; second, removing the bolts from the centercrank shaftbearingof the said engine by an operation conducted through the opening in the bottom of the casing, and for replacing said bolts.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a novel wrench having sockets at its respective ends arranged and adapted so that they may be alternately used in removing the nuts from the inner most crank shaft bearing of the engine of a Ford car by an operation conducted through the opening in the bottom pan thereof.

The limited lateral space available inside the pan of the engine of a Ford car and the relationship of the bottom of the pan to the crank shaft and its bearings has heretofore, so far as I am aware, rendered it impossible to use a Wrench or tool for carrying out the operations I have specified and this has necessitated the removal of the engine from its frame and dismantling it when bolts had to be removed from the fly wheel and replaced therein and wear. taken up in the crank shaft bearings. So far as I am aware, I am the first toprovide a wrench whose con.- struction adapts it for conducting the opera-- tions specified.

In the accompanying drawing, I Figure 1 isa side elevation of the rear part of a Ford engine, the casing being broken away. showing the wrench of Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 8 in position to perform the operation of unscrewing the bolts which attach the fly Wheel to the crank shaft;

Fig. 2 a detail side view of the wrench used in the operations represented in Figs. 1 and 8;

Fig. 3 a View of the left hand. end of the wrench of Fig. 2;

' Fig.4 a similar view of the right hand end of said wrench; V Fig. 5 a view like Fig. 1 showing the man- I ner in whichthe rench of Figs. 6 and? is operated to 'remo vethe nuts from the innermost or third crank shaft bearing;

and removed in the limited space between the crank shaft and the bottom pan.

In Figs. 1, 5 and 8, the engine casing appears at 1 in whose bottom is the opening 2 which is ordinarily closed by a detachable bottom pan, not shown. The fly wheel is shown at 3, and the crank shaft at l. The bolts which secure the fly wheel 3 to the crank shaft 4 appear at 5. The crank shaft 4 is mounted in a front bearing 6, Fig. 8, a center or intermediate bearing 7 Figs. 1, 5 and 8, and a rear or innermost bearing S, Figs; 1 and 5. The parts of the front bearing 6 are secured. by bolts 9; those of the center bearing 7 are fastened by bolts 10; the innermost or third bearing 8 is secured by bolts having nuts 11., 1

Heretofore, so far as I am aware, no wrench has been provided which is adapted to remove and replace the bolts 5 or to unfasten the bolts 9 and 10 and the nuts 11 by operations conducted through the opening 2 in the bottom of the casing 1, after the bottom pan (not shown) has been taken off. The first and end bearings 6 and 8 are offset from the opening 2 and consequently a purely vertical operation cannot be carried out. The bolts 5 are located a considerable distance from the opening 2. Inside the bottom of the casing 1 the space is very limited and ordinary wrenches cannot be used for the o erations which have been referred to. onsequently, the practice heretofore has been to remove'the entire en gine and to dismantle it when. it is necessary to remove the bolts 5 and replace them, and, further, to open up the bearings 6, 7, 8 so that they may be filed to take up wear and replaced and bolted in position. These operations require the time oftwo men for a period averaging from a day and a halfto two days, making the workexpensive and putting'the car out of commission for, the period'involved. j

The foregoing operations consume the time of oneman for a period of from four to five hours only when my novelwrenches are used. 1 The bottom pan, not shown, is first detached, thus uncovering the opening 2. The next step is to remove .the wirewhich locks the four bolts 5 in the'fly whee The wrench A, shown in detail in Figs. 2 8 and 4, is now introduced through the opening 2 and applied to one of the bolts 5 in the manner shown in Fig. 1. The wrench A has a hexagonal socket a 'at its left handend which is of a size adapting'it to fit the bolts 5. For the greater portion of its length the wrench A- is straight. It is provided with an angular part b ofsufiicient length to extend down through the opening 2 as shown in Fig. 1. The re mainder of the wrenchcontinues parallel to the main stem thereof as shown at c and is provided with a square socket (Z at right angles to said part 0. The parts 0 and d lie belowthe casing 1 when the operation illusthe casing 1, then pulling the socket a off of the head of the bolt5, swinging the wrench A back again ,and causing the socket a vto take a fresh hold on the bolt 5; then, again swinging the wrench A to perform a further partial unscrewing of the .bolt 5. This operation is repeated until the bolt is removed. The other bolts 5 are then removed in the same manner. The bolts 5 then having been removed, the crankshaft 4 is completely detached from the fly wheel.

The next step is to remove the nuts 11 from the bolts which'hold the last or third crank shaft bearing 8. The novel wrench B, shown in Figs. 5,6 and 7, is provided for this purpose.

In Fig. 5 the wrench B is shown with its hexagonal socket e at one end thereof'engaged with the n'ut'll. The hexagonal socket f at the other end of the wrench B then lies below the bottom of the casing 1. The wrenchB has a shank consisting of parallel'parts g, h which are laterally ofiset from each other as shown in Fig. 6, and are also vertically offset as'shown in Fig. 7. The shank portions 9, it are connected by a crank part i of sufiicient length to dispose the part hiwell below thebottom of the casing 1 when the wrench is in the position shown in Fig. 5. wrench'is reversed and the socket f engaged with the nut 11, the shank part 72. will lie inside the casing 1 and the shank part 9 will lie below the casing. As shown by Figs. 6 and 7, two of the angles of the socket 6 point in the direction of the length of the shank 9. Also, two of the sides of the socket flie crosswise of the shank part h. Furthermore, the sockets "e and f are dis posed at right angles to each other. The relative arrangement of the apices and the sides of the sockets e and f, as above explained, enables the greatest possible efiective swing of the wrench to be obtained when unscrewing,'or'screwing up, thenut 11, regardless of whichever socket e, f, is applied to the nut. The wrench B is made double ended and reversible and constructed Similarly, when the' unscrewing or screwing.

taking off the crank shaft bearing 8 and' 7 after re-filing the bearing 8, it is replaced and the nuts '11 screwed up to tighten the bearing on the crank shaft 4. The bolts are then screwed up by'the reapplication of the wrench A and said bolts re-wired. This concludes the operation in so far as the flywheel and innermost bearing 8 are concerned.

After removing the cotter pins from the bolts 10 of the center bearing 7, the wrench A is used in the manner shown by dotted lines in Fig. 8, to unscrew the said bolts 10. These bolts have square heads which the socket (Z is adapted to fit. The wrench A is used in the reversed position from that shown in Fig. 1 and the long portion of the stem is swung as far as the width of the opening 2 will permit to partially unscrew the bolt. The socket d is then removed and a fresh bite taken on the bolt. Successive operations of this character finally remove the bolts 10, one after another.

The bearing 7 is then filed and replaced and the bolts 10 screwed home by the use of the wrench A to tighten up the crank shaft.

The next step is to saw off the bolts 9 and remove them from the bottom and top of the casing, after which the bearing 6 can be taken out. The bearing 6 is then suitably filed and replaced.

The wrench A is then used as shown by the full line position, Fig. 8, to secure the front bearing 6 together to suitably take up the crank shaft. The original bolts having been removed from that bearing and the space being limited where this hearing is located, I use the two-part bolt 9 shown in Fig. 9 when replacing the bearing 6 which is screwed up by the application of the socket d thereto and the operation of the wrench A. The wrench A is swung, removed from the bolt 9, and a fresh bite taken thereon, said operation continuing until the bearing is properly adjusted.

The bearings all having been filed, re-

2. A wrench whose shank is composed of straight, parallel sections which are connected by a crank and are relatively offset in two different directions on opposite sides of said crank, and wrench sockets carried by the respective sections.

3. A wrench whose shank is composed of straight, parallel sections'which are connected by a crank and relatively offset in two different directions on opposite sides of said crank, and wrench sockets disposed angularly in relation to each other which are carried by the respective offset sections in an ular relation to said sections.

4. wrench whose shank is composed of straight, parallel sections which are connected by a short abrupt crank and relatively offset in two different directions on opposite sides of said crank, and wrench sockets disposed angularly in relation to each other which are carried by the respective offset sections, one of said wrench sockets having two of its angles in line with the section carrying said socket, the other wrench socket having two of its sides arranged crosswise of the section carrying said socket.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature RAYMOND E. J AOOBY. 

